Reducing Minority Discipline Suspension and Expulsion Quota Guidelines

Reducing Minority Discipline Suspension and Expulsion Quota Guidelines --- ===

In the wake of school shootings, does Obama era policy of discouraging schools to expel students of color help diversity and inclusion or increase school violence?

*Timeline sources

12/17/2018  Trump Officials Plan to Rescind Obama-Era School Discipline Policies ...
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/17/us/politics/trump-school-discipline.html WASHINGTON — The Trump administration is planning to roll back .... times as likely to be suspended or expelled, and black and Hispanic ...  the commission turned away from guns and instead scrutinized the Obama administration’s school discipline policies, though none of the most high-profile school shootings were perpetrated by black students. The commission’s focus was part of a broader effort to reject the previous administration’s race-conscious education efforts, which have included siding with Asian students suing Harvard to end affirmative action and delaying an Obama-era rule to prevent disproportionate numbers of minority children from being funneled into special education classes.  The documents obtained by The Times — a draft letter and a draft chapter of the safety commission’s research — focus significantly on race and promote the idea that the federal crackdown on potentially discriminatory practices has made schools more dangerous

Betsy DeVos panel rejects Obama-era effort to reduce discrimination ...  https://www.washingtonpost.com/...discipline.../7e515700-f6b6-11e8-8c9a-860ce2a814...
Dec 10, 2018 - President Trump's school safety commission will recommend canceling ... expelled or otherwise disciplined at higher rates than white students.

Aug 13, 2018  Enforcing Classroom Disorder: Trump Has Not Called Off Obama's  on School Discipline https://www.manhattan-institute.org/.../enforcing-classroom-disorder-trump-has-not-c...  - January 2014, the Obama administration issued a Dear Colleague Letter (DCL) on school discipline. The DCL—prepared by the U.S. Department of Justice and the U.S. Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights (OCR)—claimed that: (1) school districts rely excessively on suspensions; (2) black students are suspended at disproportionately high rates primarily because of educators’ racial bias; (3) suspensions cause substantial long-term harm to students; and (4) schools should curtail traditional discipline (suspensions) in favor of new “restorative” approaches that emphasize dialogue over punishment.  Critics of the DCL contend that it directly triggered a reduction in school suspensions nationwide, which has led to a rise in classroom disorder and violence.[1]

Obama administration had begun breaking long-standing precedent by shifting OCR’s mission—from ensuring that school districts apply their own discipline policies evenhandedly to pressuring them into adopting the administration’s favored progressive discipline policies under threat of losing federal funding. least 350 school districts—serving nearly 10 million children, or about one-fifth of all public elementary and secondary school students in the U.S.—were investigated for the express purpose of coercing districts into changing their discipline policies. Among the districts investigated were 52 of America’s 100 largest, including Atlanta, Boston, Charlotte, Denver, Houston, Los Angeles, Milwaukee, New York City, Philadelphia, Sacramento, San Francisco, and Seattle.  As of June 29, 2018, 363 investigations were ongoing in 43 states, of which 79 have been open for four or more years,  –secretary of education Arne Duncan declared: “Racial discrimination in school discipline is a real problem today, and not just an issue from 40 to 50 years ago.”[4]  Rather, racism among teachers and administrators is responsible for the fact that black students are more than three times as likely as white students to be suspended.[5] ... f a student is subjected to different treatmentem based on the student’s race [‘disparate treatment’], and second, if a policy is neutral on its face—meaning that the policy itself does not mention race—and is administered in an evenhanded manner but has a disparate impact, i.e., a disproportionate and unjustified effect on students of a particular race”[7]

By Repealing School Discipline Reforms, The Trump Administration ...
https://progressive.org/.../the-trump-administration-puts-children-in-harms-way-1804...
Apr 17, 2018 - By Repealing School Discipline Reforms, The Trump Administration ... In fact, Cruz, who is white, had been formally expelled from the school.

How Trump repeal of Obama-era school discipline guidelines could ...     https://edsource.org/2018/how-trump-repeal-of-obama-era...discipline.../594893   
Mar 20, 2018 - The focus on school discipline as part of the state's accountability system has led to significant drops in suspension and expulsion rates in ...

Trump plan to toss school discipline guidelines is misguided | Editorial
www2.philly.com/.../betsy-devos-trump-school-discipline-department-of-education-2...
Mar 19, 2018 - The Department of Education issued guidelines in 2014 after its Office of Civil Rights reported that black students are suspended and expelled ...

Trump Finds Unlikely Culprit in School Shootings: Obama Discipline ...    https://www.nytimes.com/2018/.../trump-school-shootings-obama-discipline-policies.ht...
Mar 13, 2018 - It was, on its face, an odd point: Mr. Cruz is white, and far from evading school disciplinary procedures, he had been expelled from Stoneman ...

Trump school safety plan targets Obama discipline directive - POLITICO
https://www.politico.com/.../trump-school-safety-plan-targets-obama-discipline-directi...
Mar 13, 2018 - Trump school safety plan targets Obama discipline directive ... a program to replace some suspensions, expulsions and arrests with support, ...

*Sources