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Tuesday, July 12, 2016

Shooting of Philando Castile in Minnesota

Shooting of Philando Castile in Minnesota --- ===


July 6, 2016  Shooting of Philando Castile in Minnesota Philando Castile was fatally shot by Jeronimo Yanez, a St. Anthony, Minnesota, police officer, after being pulled over in Falcon Heights, a suburb of St. Paul. Castile was in a car with his girlfriend, Diamond Reynolds, and her four-year-old daughter when he was pulled over by Yanez and another officer.[1][2] According to Reynolds, after being asked for his license and registration, Castile told the officer he was licensed to carry a weapon and had one in his pants pocket.[3] Reynolds said Castile was shot while reaching for his ID after telling Yanez he had a gun permit and was armed. The officer shot at Castile seven times after he believed Castile was reaching for a gun. The girlfriend rejected the notion of suicide as “Nothing within his body language said, shoot me.”.[2]

His girlfriend sounds like a communist propagandist. The "victim" is indeed a black nationalist who might be recruited for a martyrdom operation like Michael Brown to fuel a war on cops.  Castile would often make political statements on his Facebook profile. He once posted a photo of the Black Panthers accompanied with the Malcolm X quote “BY ANY MEANS NECESSARY”. He has another post that is a quote from 2pac: “They got money for wars but can’t feed the poor.” [1] 
https://www.everipedia.com/philando-castile/  The shooting was exploited on social media by Russian trolls in Facebook groups like Blacktivist and Don't Shoot [1]

This case is strikingly similar to this case where another man was shot when police thought he was pulling a gun on them, and his family demanded charges against police: 1 black man killed by police, officer asked to be, but not charged June 23, 2016 Shooting of Jay Anderson Jr By Police Wauwatosa police officer Joseph Mensah shot and killed Jay Anderson Jr. will not face state criminal charges. The 25 year old fiancé was shot at around 3am, while sleeping in his car. Tosa PD Chief Barry Weber claimed the officer saw a gun, feared for their safety, and fired at Anderson. Federal prosecutors have agreed to review the case, Anderson's family said that his hands were up and video shows Anderson was not "lunging" to grab a gun. Jay and Linda Anderson demanded a charging decision against the cop. A 20-second video was released. "His hands were up. His hands were up," Anderson Sr. said... "My son was trying to tell him he had a weapon in the car, and he was pointing down at the weapon and he pointed down too far and now he`s dead"

*Footnotes
  • [1]Her son was killed — then came the Russian trolls By Donie O'Sullivan, CNN  Videos produced by Samantha Guff, Julian Quinones and Margaret Dawson Tue June 26, 2018..Hours after his death, "Don't Shoot" Facebook group started promoting a "Justice for Philando Castile" event  page, titled "Don't Shoot," looked like one run by a black activist group. It had a significant audience:  October 2017, CNN found another group posing as an organization of Black Lives Matter activists -- "Don't Shoot."  Blacktivist was not a real American group, however. It was a troll operation run from 4,000 miles away in St. Petersburg, Russia, by a Kremlin-linked group known as the Internet Research Agency.
  • [2] 'He only did what police asked him to do': Girlfriend's emotional ... RT Jul 7, 2016 - Diamond Reynolds, girlfriend of Philando Castile  “Nothing within his body said intimidation, nothing within his body language said, shoot me.”. 


*Tags


  • school employee
  • suicide by cop denied - Castile said he was not reaching for a gun 


*Reference
  • Everipedia Philando Castile | Wiki & Bio | Everipedia, Philando Castile was a resident of Falcon Heights, Minnesota. [1] Castile worked as a school cafeteria...
  • Wikipedia  Shooting of Philando Castile July 6, 2016, in Falcon Heights, Minnesota, a suburb of St. Paul  fatally shot by Jeronimo Yanez, a St. Anthony, Minnesota police officer, after being pulled over in ... 

*Everipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooting_of_Philando_Castile
On July 6, 2016, Philando Castile was fatally shot by Jeronimo Yanez, a St. Anthony, Minnesota, police officer, after being pulled over in Falcon Heights, ...
Date‎: ‎July 6, 2016
Charges‎: ‎Second-degree manslaughter; Two ...
Location‎: ‎Larpenteur Avenue and Fry Street, F...
Arrest(s)‎: ‎Officer Jeronimo Yanez

Shooting of Philando Castile

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Shooting of Philando Castile
Philando Castile - Falcon Heights Police Shooting (27864126610).jpg
Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension (BCA) investigators process the scene.
DateJuly 6, 2016
LocationLarpenteur Avenue and Fry Street, Falcon Heights, Minnesota, United States
Coordinates44°59′30″N 93°10′16″WCoordinates: 44°59′30″N 93°10′16″W
TypeShooting
Filmed byDiamond Reynolds
DeathsPhilando Castile
Arrest(s)Officer Jeronimo Yanez
ChargesSecond-degree manslaughter
Two counts of dangerous discharge of a firearm
VerdictNot guilty
On July 6, 2016, Philando Castile was fatally shot by Jeronimo Yanez, a St. Anthony, Minnesota, police officer, after being pulled over in Falcon Heights, a suburb of St. Paul. Castile was in a car with his girlfriend, Diamond Reynolds, and her four-year-old daughter when he was pulled over by Yanez and another officer.[1][2] According to Reynolds, after being asked for his license and registration, Castile told the officer he was licensed to carry a weapon and had one in his pants pocket.[3] Reynolds said Castile was shot while reaching for his ID after telling Yanez he had a gun permit and was armed. The officer shot at Castile seven times.
Diamond Reynolds live-streamed a video on Facebook in the immediate aftermath of the shooting.[4] It shows her interacting with the armed officer as a mortally injured Castile lies slumped over, moaning slightly and his left arm and side bloody.[5] The Hennepin County Medical Examiner's office ruled Castile's death a homicide and said he had sustained multiple gunshot wounds. The office reported that Castile died at 9:37 p.m. CDT in the emergency room of the Hennepin County Medical Center, about 20 minutes after being shot.[6]
On November 16, 2016, John Choi, the Ramsey County Attorney, announced that Yanez was being charged with three felonies: one count of second-degree manslaughter and two counts of dangerous discharge of a firearm. Choi said, "I would submit that no reasonable officer knowing, seeing, and hearing what Officer Yanez did at the time would have used deadly force under these circumstances."[7]
Yanez was acquitted of all charges on June 16, 2017.[8][9] The same day, he was fired by the City of St. Anthony.[10]

Background[edit]

Victim[edit]

Philando Divall Castile (July 16, 1983 – July 6, 2016) was 32 years old at the time of his death.[11][12] Castile was born in St. Louis, Missouri.[13] He graduated from Saint Paul Central High School in 2001 and worked for the Saint Paul Public School District from 2002 until his death. Castile began as a nutrition services assistant at Chelsea Heights Elementary School and Arlington High School (now Washington Technology Magnet School). He was promoted to nutrition services supervisor at J. J. Hill Montessori Magnet School, in August 2014.[4][11] Prior to the shooting, Castile had been stopped by the police 52 times for minor traffic infractions.[14][15]

Police[edit]

Jeronimo Yanez was identified by the Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension as the officer who shot Castile. The other officer involved in the traffic stop was identified as Joseph Kauser,[16] who was described as Yanez's partner.[17] Both officers had been with the St. Anthony Police Department for four years at the time of the shooting,[17] and were longtime friends who had graduated together from the Minnesota State University, Mankato police academy in 2010.[18]
Yanez, of South St. Paul, was 28 years old at the time of the shooting.[19][20]
The St. Anthony Police Department has 23 officers. Eight officers are funded through policing contracts with the cities of Lauderdale and Falcon Heights.[17] In a press briefing at the scene, St. Anthony's interim police chief Jon Mangseth said that the shooting was the first officer-involved shooting that the department had experienced in at least thirty years.[1][4]

Incident[edit]


Shoes and a gun on the ground outside Philando Castile's blood-stained car as Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension (BCA) investigators take photographs of the scene
External video
 Diamond Reynolds' Facebook Live video immediately after the shooting, YouTube video starting at 0:18
Castile was pulled over as part of a traffic stop[21] by Yanez and Kauser in Falcon Heights, Minnesota, a suburb of St. Paul.[3][4][17] Castile and Reynolds were returning from shopping at a grocery store; earlier that evening, Castile had gone for a haircut, eaten dinner with his sister, and apparently picked up his girlfriend from his apartment in St. Paul.[22]
A St. Anthony police officer patrolling Larpenteur Avenue radioed to a nearby squad that he planned to pull over the car and check the IDs of the driver and passenger, saying, "The two occupants just look like people that were involved in a robbery. The driver looks more like one of our suspects, just because of the wide-set nose. I couldn't get a good look at the passenger."[23][24] At 9:04 p.m. CDT, the officer told a nearby officer that he would wait for him to make the stop.[23]
The stop took place on Larpenteur Avenue at Fry Street,[1] just outside the Minnesota state fairgrounds,[25] at about 9:05 p.m. CDT.[26] Riding in a 1997[23] white Oldsmobile[21][27] with Castile were his girlfriend, Diamond Reynolds, and her four-year-old daughter.[1][2] Castile was the driver, Reynolds was the front-seat passenger, and the child was in the back seat.[5] "According to investigators, Yanez approached the car from the driver's side, while Kauser approached it from the passenger side."[26]
According to the official Minnesota Department of Public Safety's Bureau of Criminal Apprehension transcript [28] of the interview of Yanez and his attorneys Tom Kelly and Robert Fowler, Yanez stated that his justification for the shooting was based on fear for his own life in light of Castille's abusive behavior of a young girl passenger (Reynold's daughter) in the car. Yanez said: "I thought, I was gonna die, and I thought if he's, if he has the, the guts and the audacity to smoke marijuana in front of the five year old girl and risk her lungs and risk her life by giving her secondhand smoke and the front seat passenger doing the same thing, then what, what care does he give about me?"
At some point in the next 103 seconds—which are not covered by the audio—Yanez fatally shot Castile.[23]
The events that occurred immediately following the shooting were streamed live in a 10-minute video by Reynolds via Facebook.[5] The recording appears to begin seconds after Castile was shot, just after 9:00 p.m. CDT.[4] The video depicts Castile slumped over, moaning and moving slightly, with a bloodied left arm and side.[5] In the video, Reynolds is speaking with Yanez and explaining what happened. Reynolds stated on the video that Yanez "asked him for license and registration. He told him that it was in his wallet, but he had a pistol on him because he's licensed to carry." Castile did have a license to carry a gun.[29] Reynolds further narrated that the officer said, "Don't move" and as Castile was putting his hands back up, the officer shot him in the arm four or five times. Reynolds told the officer, "You shot four bullets into him, sir. He was just getting his license and registration, sir."[1][3]Reynolds also said "Please don't tell me he's dead," while Yanez exclaims: "I told him not to reach for it! I told him to get his hand open!"[23]
At one point in the video footage, an officer orders Reynolds to get on her knees and the sound of Reynolds being handcuffed can be heard. Reynolds's phone falls onto the ground but continues recording, and an officer periodically yells, "Fuck!"[30] The day following the shooting, Reynolds said that police had "treated me like a criminal ... like it was my fault."[21] By the afternoon following Castile's death, the video had been viewed nearly 2.5 million times on Facebook.[31] Reynolds, who was detained with Castile during the shooting around 9:00 p.m. CDT, was taken into custody and questioned at a police station then released the following morning around 5:00 a.m.[32][33]
According to police and emergency audio of the aftermath obtained by the Star Tribune, at 9:06 p.m., Kauser called in the shooting, reporting: "Shots fired. Larpenteur and Fry." The dispatcher answered: "Copy. You just heard it?" Yanez then screamed: "Code three!" in a tone of voice the newspaper termed "audibly panicked." Many officers then rush to the scene. One officer reports, "One adult female being taken into custody. Driver at gunpoint. Juvenile female, child, is with [another officer]. We need a couple other squads to block off intersections." Another officer called in, "All officers are good. One suspect that needs medics."[23]
Reynolds said that officers had failed to check Castile for a pulse or to render first aid, and instead comforted the crying officer who fired the shots. Reynolds stated that Castile received no medical attention until paramedics arrived more than ten minutes after the shooting.[21][34] A resident living across the street from the site of the shooting took a brief video showing an unidentified officer administering first aid to Castile before the arrival of paramedics.[35] Dashboard Camera video also does not corroborate Reynolds' exact recollection of medical attention events. [36]

Death and funeral[edit]

The Hennepin County Medical Examiner's office ruled Castile's death a homicide and said that he had sustained multiple gunshot wounds.[5] The office reported that Castile died at 9:37 p.m. CDT in the emergency room of the Hennepin County Medical Center, about 20 minutes after being shot.[1][5] On July 14, Castile was buried following a funeral service at the Cathedral of Saint Paul, attended by "thousands of mourners, diverse in race, gender and age."[37]

Reactions[edit]

Statements of attorneys for Yanez and Castile family[edit]

The reasonableness of the initial traffic stop, and the facts of what occurred in the 103 seconds of the stop (between the end of the pre-stop police dispatcher radio and the beginning of Reynolds' recording) were "hotly disputed" almost immediately after the shooting occurred.[23] On July 9, Yanez's attorney, Thomas Kelly of Minneapolis, said his client "reacted to the presence of that gun and the display of that gun" and that the shooting "had nothing to do with race. This had everything to do with the presence of a gun."[38]
In the video recorded shortly after the shooting, Reynolds said that the car was pulled over for a broken taillight.[1] Yanez' attorney Kelly stated following the shooting that his client stopped Castile in part because he resembled a suspect in an armed robbery that had taken place nearby four days earlier, and in part because of a broken taillight. A Castile family attorney, Albert Goins, questioned this account, said that if Yanez actually thought Castile was a robbery suspect, the police would have made a "felony traffic stop" (involving "bringing the suspect out at gunpoint while officers are in a position of cover and having them lie on the ground until they can identify who that individual is") rather than an ordinary traffic stop (in which officers stop the car and ask the driver to produce documents). Goins said, "Either [Castile] was a robbery suspect and [Yanez] didn't follow the procedures for a felony stop, or [Castile] was not a robbery suspect and [Yanez] shot a man because he stood at his window getting his information."[39]
Kelly confirmed the authenticity of the pre-stop police audio, in which one officer reports that the driver resembled a recent robbery suspect due to his "wide-set nose." The particular robbery to which the officer referred was unclear, but may have been a July 2 armed robbery at a local convenience store, in which the two suspects were "described as black men with shoulder-length or longer dreadlocks" with no information about estimated height, weight or ages. Goins said, "I can't imagine that it's reasonable suspicion to make a stop because somebody had a broad nose."[23]
Castile's mother Valerie Castile and her lawyer Glenda Hatchett called for the case to be referred to a special prosecutor and called for the U.S. Department of Justice to conduct a federal investigation.[22]

Protests and civil unrest[edit]


Diamond Reynolds speaking at a rally in memory of her boyfriend on the day after his death

Black Lives Matter protesting at the 2016 Basillica Block Party on July 9
By 12:30 a.m. on July 7, about three hours after the shooting, protesters gathered at the scene, "peaceful but visibly angry".[1] More than 200 people were present.[40] After news of Castile's death spread, crowds of protestors gathered outside the Minnesota Governor's Residence in St. Paul, chanting Castile's name and demanding that Governor Mark Dayton make a statement.[4][40] That night, demonstrations in St. Paul continued, remaining "peaceful but forceful".[29]
Nekima Levy-Pounds, president of the Minneapolis chapter of the NAACP, said that her group would request a federal investigation. She also called for an independent body to investigate the shooting, expressing skepticism with the state agency that is leading the investigation of the incident, the Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension, a division of the Department of Public Safety.[1][21] NAACP president Cornell William Brooks said, "I'm waiting to hear the human outcry from Second Amendment defenders over [this incident]..."[41] Black Lives Matter activist DeRay Mckesson said, "Philando Castile should be alive today".[4]On July 8, over 1,000 demonstrators shut down Interstate 880 in Oakland, California, for several hours to protest Castile's shooting death and that of Alton Sterling the day before.[42]
After a week of peaceful protests and vigils, violence between protesters and police in St. Paul broke out on July 9 and 10. Some 102 people were arrested and 21 officers (15 police officers and six Minnesota State Patrol officers) had been injured, one of them seriously. A group threw rocks, bottles, and Molotov cocktails at police and police used pepper spray and tear gas to disperse the crowd.[20][43] The protesters caused Interstate 94 in between Minnesota State Highway 280 and downtown St. Paul to be closed. After they were dispersed from the highway, another group of protests took place at Dale and Grand Avenue.[43] The violence was condemned by President Obama, Governor Dayton, St. Paul Mayor Chris Coleman, and Police Chief Todd Axtell, who called for calm.[20][43]
After the shooting, a number of activists established an encampment outside of the Governor's Residence. On July 18, demonstrators cleared the encampment and moved off the road after police directed them to move, saying that they could continue to protest "as long as it was done on the sidewalk" and did not impede vehicle or pedestrian traffic. The interactions between police and demonstrators were peaceful, and no arrests were made.[44]
On July 19, 21 protesters—mostly members of the St. Paul and Minneapolis teachers' federations—were arrested willingly at a protest in Minneapolis after blocking a street in Minneapolis and refusing orders to disperse. The teachers marched from the Minneapolis Convention Center (where an American Federation of Teachers convention was being held) to the Nicollet Mall area; they were cited for misdemeanor public nuisance and released.[45][46]

Government officials[edit]


Minnesota Governor Mark Daytonspeaking outside his residence in Saint Paul
Later in the morning of July 7, Governor Dayton appeared outside his residence and said:[1][21]
My deepest condolences go out to the family and friends. On behalf of all decent-minded Minnesotans, we are shocked and horrified by what occurred last night. This kind of behavior is unacceptable. It is not the norm in Minnesota. I promise ... to see that this matter is brought to justice and all avenues are pursued and do a complete investigation. Justice will be served in Minnesota.
Dayton said he had requested an independent U.S. Department of Justice investigation and had spoken to White House Chief of Staff Denis McDonough about the matter.[4] Dayton also commented, "Would this have happened if those passengers would have been white? I don’t think it would have."[47] He promised to "do everything in my power to help protect the integrity" of the ongoing parallel state investigation "to ensure a proper and just outcome for all involved."[48]
U.S. Representative Betty McCollum, Democrat of Minnesota, whose district includes the place where Castile was shot, also called for a Justice Department investigation,[49] and U.S. Senator Al Franken, Democrat of Minnesota, also called for a federal investigation, saying in a statement: "I am horrified that we are forced to confront yet another death of a young African-American man at the hands of law enforcement. And I am heartbroken for Philando's family and loved ones, whose son, brother, boyfriend, and nephew was taken from them last night."[50] U.S. Representative Keith Ellison, Democrat of Minnesota, denounced the "systematic targeting of African Americans and a systematic lack of accountability."[4]
Speaking shortly after the shootings of Castile and Alton Sterling, President Barack Obama did not comment on the specific incidents, but called on the U.S. to "do better" and said that controversial incidents arising from the police use of force were "not isolated incidents" but rather were "symptomatic of a broader set of racial disparities that exist in our criminal justice system". Obama expressed "extraordinary appreciation and respect for the vast majority of police officers" and noted the difficult nature of the job.[51] He stated, "When incidents like this occur, there's a big chunk of our citizenry that feels as if, because of the color of their skin, they are not being treated the same, and that hurts, and that should trouble all of us. This is not just a black issue, not just a Hispanic issue. This is an American issue that we all should care about."[5] Obama telephoned Castile's mother to offer his condolences.[22]

International response[edit]

Following the shooting of Castile, Sterling, and police officers in Dallas, the Bahamian government, a Caribbean island nation with an over 90% citizenry of Afro-Bahamian origin, issued a travel advisory to its citizens in the United States, stating "[i]n particular young [Bahamian] males are asked to exercise extreme caution in affected cities in their interactions with the police. Do not be confrontational and cooperate".[52][53][54] Travel advisories were also issued by the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain,[55][56] warning for caution in the United States due to ongoing violence and the U.S. "gun culture", and to avoid crowded areas, protests, and demonstrations as "civil disorder can result".[52]

Investigation and prosecution[edit]

Official investigation[edit]

The day after the fatal shooting, the St. Anthony Police Department identified the officer who fired the fatal shots as Yanez. He and his partner Kauser were placed on paid administrative leave.[57]
The Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension (BCA) was the lead agency in charge of the investigation.[21] Two days following the shooting, Ramsey County Attorney John Choi called for a "prompt and thorough" investigation into the shooting.[57] He said that he had not determined whether he would use a grand jury, but stated that if either a grand jury or prosecutors in his office determined that charges were appropriate, he would "prosecute this case to the fullest extent of the law." Choi also said, "We need to come together as a community, law enforcement included, to improve our practices and procedures so we don't experience any more of these tragedies ever again."[58]
The BCA said that squad-car video and "several" other videos had been collected as evidence. St. Anthony police do not wear body cameras.[59] On September 28, 2016, the BCA announced that it had completed its investigation and turned over its findings to Ramsey County Attorney John Choi. Prosecutors in the Ramsey County Attorney's Office would decide whether to file charges in the shooting or bring the case to a grand jury.[60]

Charges and prosecution[edit]

Choi reviewed the evidence with assistance from the Federal Bureau of Investigations, the U.S. Attorney's office,[61] a retired deputy chief of police in Irvine, California,[62] and a former federal prosecutor. [63] Seven weeks after receiving the BCA report, Choi announced that Yanez was being charged with second degree manslaughter and two counts of dangerous discharge of a firearm. Choi stated:
To justify the use of deadly force, it is not enough, however, for the police officer to merely express a subjective fear of death or great bodily harm. Unreasonable fear cannot justify the use of deadly force. The use of deadly force must be objectively reasonable and necessary, given the totality of the circumstances. Based upon our thorough and exhaustive review of the facts of this case, it is my conclusion that the use of deadly force by Officer Yanez was not justified, and that sufficient facts exist to prove that to be true. Accordingly, we filed a criminal complaint this morning in Ramsey County.[64]
According to author and former FBI agent Larry Brubaker, who has written two books on officer-involved shootings, "this is the first time an officer has been charged for a fatal shooting in Minnesota in more than 200 cases that spanned over three decades".[65]

Trial and verdict[edit]


Philando's mother, Valerie Castile, speaking at a press conference shortly after the verdict was announced
The trial of Jeronimo Yanez began May 30, 2017.[66] On June 16, 2017, Officer Yanez was acquitted of all charges. He had been charged with manslaughter and reckless discharge of a firearm.[67]
After five days and more than 25 hours of deliberation, the jury decided that the state had not met its burden for a conviction. Yanez would have faced up to 10 years under Minnesota law if he had been convicted. The jury that determined Yanez's fate consisted of seven men and five women. Two jurors were black. Following the acquittal, a jury member told the press that the specific wording of the law regarding culpable negligence was the main factor among many leading to the verdict.[68]

Aftermath of verdict[edit]

Members of the Castile family, who had worked closely with authorities throughout the trial, expressed shock and outrage at the verdict.
Some 2,000 protesters marched in the streets, eventually blocking Interstate 94, where 18 people were arrested, including at least one reporter.[69][70]
On June 20, 2017, Dashcam footage seen by investigators and members of the courtroom during the trial was released to public.[71]

See also[edit]

References[edit]


  1. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j Pheifer, Pat; Peck, Claude (July 7, 2016). "Aftermath of fatal Falcon Heights officer-involved shooting captured on video". Star Tribune. Retrieved July 7, 2016.
  2. ^ Jump up to:a b Chappell, Bill (July 7, 2016). "Police Stop Ends in Black Man's Death; Aftermath Is Live-Streamed on Facebook". NPR. Retrieved July 7, 2016.
  3. ^ Jump up to:a b c "Philando Castile death: Aftermath of police shooting streamed live". BBC News. July 7, 2016. Retrieved July 7, 2016.
  4. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i Miller, Michael E.; Lowery, Wesley; Bever, Lindsey (July 7, 2016). "Minn. cop fatally shoots black man during traffic stop, aftermath broadcast on Facebook". The Washington Post. Retrieved July 7, 2016.
  5. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g Furber, Matt; Pérez-Peña, Richard (July 7, 2016). "After Philando Castile’s Killing, Obama Calls Police Shootings 'an American Issue'". The New York Times. Retrieved July 7, 2016.
  6. Jump up^ "Press Release Report" (PDF) (Press release). Hennepin County Medical Examiner. July 7, 2016. Retrieved July 9, 2016.
  7. Jump up^ McCarthy, Ciara (November 16, 2016). "Philando Castile: police officer charged with manslaughter over shooting death". The Guardian. Retrieved 16 November 2016.
  8. Jump up^ Smith, Mitch (2017-06-16). "Minnesota Officer Acquitted in Killing of Philando Castile". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2017-06-16.
  9. Jump up^ Etehad, Melissa (2017-06-16). "Minnesota police officer found not guilty in shooting death of Philando Castile". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Retrieved 2017-06-16.
  10. Jump up^ Joles, David (June 16, 2017). "City of St. Anthony fires officer Jeronimo Yanez". Star Tribune. Star Tribune Media. Retrieved June 16, 2017.
  11. ^ Jump up to:a b "What we know about Philando Castile". Star Tribune. July 7, 2016. Retrieved July 7, 2016.
  12. Jump up^ Oliveira, Jill (July 7, 2016). "Update: BCA Investigating Officer Involved Shooting in Falcon Heights" (Press release). Minnesota Department of Public Safety. Retrieved July 11, 2016.
  13. Jump up^ "Philando Castile was born in St. Louis". KMOV. Associated Press. July 7, 2016. Retrieved July 13, 2016.
  14. Jump up^ McShane, Larry (July 9, 2016). "Philando Castile stopped by cops 52 times in past 14 years". New York Daily News. Retrieved July 24, 2016.
  15. Jump up^ "Philando Castile Had Been Stopped 52 Times By Police". WCCO 4 News. July 9, 2016. Retrieved July 24, 2016.
  16. Jump up^ Gottfried, Mara H.; Horner, Sarah (July 7, 2016). "BCA identifies officers involved in Philando Castile shooting". St. Paul Pioneer Press. Retrieved July 8, 2016.
  17. ^ Jump up to:a b c d Chanen, David (July 7, 2016). "Officers involved in Falcon Heights shooting are identified". Star Tribune. Retrieved July 8, 2016.
  18. Jump up^ Stahl, Brandon; Chanen, David (July 9, 2016). "St. Anthony officers who made traffic stop are longtime friends, former classmates". Star Tribune. Retrieved July 13, 2016.
  19. Jump up^ Mannix, Andy; Stahl, Brandon (July 8, 2016). "What we know about the officer who fatally shot Philando Castile". Star Tribune. Retrieved July 8,2016.
  20. ^ Jump up to:a b c Belkin, Douglas; Strum, Beckie (July 10, 2016). "Protests Turn Violent in St. Paul; More Than 100 Arrested". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved July 10, 2016.
  21. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g Star Tribune staff writers (July 7, 2016). "Dayton 'shocked and horrified' by police shooting in Falcon Heights, caught on video". Star Tribune. Retrieved July 7, 2016.
  22. ^ Jump up to:a b c Smith, Mitch (July 12, 2016). "Philando Castile's Last Night: Tacos and Laughs, Then a Drive". The New York Times. Retrieved July 13,2016.
  23. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h Mannix, Andy (July 12, 2016). "Police audio: Officer stopped Philando Castile on robbery suspicion: Police recording doesn't cover shooting itself". Star Tribune. Retrieved July 13, 2016.
  24. Jump up^ Jacobo, Julia; Francis, Enjoli (July 11, 2016). "Cops May Have Thought Philando Castile Was a Robbery Suspect, Noting 'Wide-Set Nose,' Dispatch Audio Indicates". ABC News. Retrieved July 13, 2016.
  25. Jump up^ MPR News staff writers (July 7, 2016). "Officer shoots, kills man at Falcon Heights traffic stop". Minnesota Public Radio. Retrieved July 8,2016.
  26. ^ Jump up to:a b Johnson, Alex (July 7, 2016). "Minnesota Officers in Fatal Shooting of Philando Castile Identified". NBC News. Retrieved July 29, 2016.
  27. Jump up^ Washington, Robin (July 11, 2016). "Is Philando Castile the Ultimate Casualty of Driving While Black?". The Marshall Project. Retrieved July 11, 2016.
  28. Jump up^{{url=https://www.ramseycounty.us/sites/default/files/County%20Attorney/Yanez%20BCA%20Interview%20Transcript%207.7.16.pdf%7Ctitle=Minnesota Department of Public Safety's Bureau of Criminal Apprehension transcript of the interview of Yanez and his attorneys Tom Kelly and Robert Fowler|date=July 7, 2016}}
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  32. Jump up^ Bosman, Julie (July 7, 2016). "After Poised Live-Streaming, Tears and Fury Find Diamond Reynolds". The New York Times. Retrieved July 8,2016.
  33. Jump up^ Patterson, Brandon Ellington (July 7, 2016). "President Obama Speaks Out About the Police Shooting Deaths of Philando Castile and Alton Sterling". Mother Jones. Retrieved July 8, 2016.
  34. Jump up^ "The Latest: Authorities ID officers in fatal shooting". Star Tribune. Associated Press. July 7, 2016. Retrieved July 11, 2016.
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  36. Jump up^ https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=9&v=z1ac7Zblqyk
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  38. Jump up^ Gurman, Sadie; Foreman, Skip (July 9, 2016). "Cop's lawyer blames driver's gun, not his race". Associated Press. Retrieved July 10, 2016.
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  44. Jump up^ Walsh, Paul (July 18, 2016). "Police order protesters off Summit in front of governor's residence; traffic moving again". Star Tribune. Retrieved July 18, 2016.
  45. Jump up^ Sawyer, Liz (July 20, 2016). "Arrests follow in Minneapolis as teachers, activists protest Philando Castile's death". Star Tribune. Retrieved July 20, 2016.
  46. Jump up^ Delage, Jaime (July 19, 2016). "Teachers arrested in Minneapolis Philando Castile protest". Twin Cities Pioneer Press. Retrieved July 19,2016.
  47. Jump up^ Chan, Melissa (July 7, 2016). "Minnesota Governor Doesn’t Think Philando Castile Would Have Been Killed If He Were White". Time. Retrieved July 8, 2016. The governor said he was 'forced to confront' the fact that 'this kind of racism exists,' before suggesting that a white passenger would have been treated differently by police.
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  49. Jump up^ Melo, Frederick; Gottfried, Mara H. (July 6, 2016). "Woman live-streams aftermath of boyfriend's fatal shooting by police in Falcon Heights". St. Paul Pioneer Press. Retrieved July 7, 2016.
  50. Jump up^ Lopez, Ricardo (July 7, 2016). "Dayton says race likely a factor in fatal shooting of Philando Castile". Star Tribune. Retrieved July 10, 2016.
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  66. Jump up^ Yanez trial begins at a time when charges against officers are rare, Minnesota Public Radio, May 30, 2017.
  67. Jump up^ Officer Who Shot Philando Castile Acquitted of Manslaughter Charges
  68. Jump up^ Jury was split 10-2 early this week, juror says
  69. Jump up^ "18 arrests made in I-94 protest; highway reopens after 3 hours following Yanez acquittal". Pioneer Press. Twin Cities. 16 June 2017.
  70. Jump up^ Mary Lynn Smith, Miguel Otárola and Liz Sawyer (17 June 2017). "After rally by Philando Castile supporters in St. Paul, marchers hit I-94 and arrests follow". Star Tribune.
  71. Jump up^ Garcia, Michelle (20 June 2017). "The dash-cam footage the jury saw before clearing the cop who shot Philando Castile was released". Vox.
External links[edit]
Complaint[edit]
Copy of criminal complaint against Jeronimo Yanez from the website of the Ramsey County Attorney
File-stamped copy of criminal complaint against Jeronimo Yanez from the website of the St. Paul Pioneer PressDiamond Reynolds' video[edit]
NPR article containing full embedded Facebook video of immediate aftermath of shooting
Transcript of the full video - provided by Minnesota Public RadioDashcam Video[edit]
Squad dashcam video - Yanez caseOther links[edit]
President Obama on the fatal shootings of Alton Sterling and Philando Castile - video provided by the White House
News and Updates from the office of the Ramsey County Attorney




*Sources


www.startribune.com/woman-who-livestreamed-police...for-assault/415346654/
Mar 3, 2017 - Diamond Reynolds, the girlfriend of the slain Philando Castile, was charged with assault Friday in connection with a hammer attack on a ...

www.startribune.com/judge-sets...diamond-reynolds...hammer-attack/415504604/
Mar 6, 2017 - A judge on Monday set bail at $40,000 for Diamond Reynolds, who live-streamed her boyfriend Philando Castile's fatal encounter with police ...

www.twincities.com/.../philando-castiles-girlfriend-arrested-in-alleged-hammer-assault...
Mar 3, 2017 - Prosecutors on Friday charged Diamond Reynolds with felony assault in an allegedhammer attack on a woman in St. Paul. Reynolds, 27 ...

www.twincities.com/2017/03/.../bail-set-for-diamond-reynolds-in-hammer-assault-cas...
Mar 6, 2017 - A judge Monday set bail at $20,000 for Diamond Reynolds on the condition she have no contact with the woman she is charged with attacking ...

www.nydailynews.com/.../philando-castile-fiance-charged-assault-hammer-attack-article...Mar 5, 2017 - Diamond Reynolds, who recorded the horrific July 2016 shooting of ... Fiancée of Philando Castile allegedly attacked woman with hammer ...


Her son was killed — then came the Russian trolls By Donie O'Sullivan, CNN  Videos produced by Samantha Guff, Julian Quinones and Margaret Dawson Tue June 26, 2018...  Soon, across town, Mica Grimm's phone started buzzing. A leader in the Black Lives Matter movement, Grimm began receiving messages: "Look at Facebook. Check Facebook," she recalled recently.
Grimm and other activists quickly made their way to where the shooting had occurred -- later that night they protested outside the governor's mansion in St. Paul. The next morning, as Americans woke up to the news of Castile's death, they also saw pictures of the growing demonstration outside the mansion. But at the same time, plans for a different protest were being made on Facebook.
Hours after his death, "Don't Shoot" Facebook group started promoting a "Justice for Philando Castile" event
Hours after his death, "Don't Shoot" Facebook group started promoting a "Justice for Philando Castile" event

 "We got together in a basement in south Minneapolis," he told CNN, and they began messaging the page again. By that point they had learned the website associated with the Facebook page was registered to a seemingly false name and address. event went ahead on Sunday, July 10, without incident.

 Neither gave much more thought to Don't Shoot.
That is, until 15 months later, when they got a call from CNN.
Unraveling

In January 2017, seven months after Castile's death, and two months after the election of Donald Trump, the US intelligence community released a report saying the Russian government had sought to interfere in the 2016 presidential election and that they had used social media to do it.

 September 2017, CNN uncovered a sham organization called "Blacktivist."  CNN confirmed Blacktivist was not a real American group, however. It was a troll operation run from 4,000 miles away in St. Petersburg, Russia, by a Kremlin-linked group known as the Internet Research Agency.  October 2017, CNN found another group posing as an organization of Black Lives Matter activists -- "Don't Shoot."

 Grimm's assessment is similar to some of the findings of Special Counsel Robert Mueller's investigation. In February, his team indicted 13 Russian nationals involved in the Internet Research Agency troll group, saying it had sought to exacerbate existing divisions in American society.

By the time of Castile's death in July 2016, the troll group, operating out of a St Petersburg office, was allegedly a multi-million-dollar effort, with dozens of people working night and day 

  struggles of American minorities were often highlighted by the Internet Research Agency and continue to be shown by official Kremlin-backed channels like RT, the Russian-run 24-hour news network that broadcasts in the US.

But Valerie Castile isn't convinced, "We don't need Russia,
at

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