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Friday, February 7, 2014

Ricin Incidents

Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incidents_involving_ricin

Incidents involving ricin

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of incidents involving the poison ricin.

September 1978, London, UK, assassination of Georgi Markov[edit]

On September 7, 1978, the Bulgarian dissident Georgi Markov was shot in the leg in public on Waterloo Bridge in the middle of Londonby a man using a weapon built into an umbrella. The weapon embedded a small pellet in Markov's leg which contained ricin. Markov died four days later.[1][2]

August 1981, Vienna, Virginia, US, assassination attempt on Boris Korczak[edit]

On August 14, 1981, exposed CIA double agent Boris Korczak was shot with some sort of air gun which fired a minuscule pellet containing ricin into his kidney. This attempt on his life happened while he was shopping at Giant Food Store in Vienna, Virginia. Korczak and the CIA[citation needed] are convinced that this was the work of the KGB as he had penetrated deep into the secret organization and damaged them for millions of dollars. Korczak survived, and he attributes this to the fact that he was luckily shot in the kidney and that his body treated the projectile as though it were a kidney stone, thus limiting exposure of his body to the toxin.[3]

December 1995, Onia, Arkansas, US[edit]

In April 1993, Thomas Lavy was caught while trying to smuggle 130 grams of ricin from Alaska into Canada. Lavy stated that he purchased the ricin to poison coyotes on his farm in Arkansas and keep them away from his chickens. Lavy was stopped at the Beaver Creek border crossing by Canadian custom agents who found, along with the 130 grams of ricin, $89,000, a knife, four guns, and 20,000 rounds of ammunition.[4][5]

January 1997, Janesville, Wisconsin, US[edit]

Authorities discovered various toxic substances in the house of Thomas Leahy in Janesville, Wisconsin. They discovered the substances after they had been called to Leahy's home after he had shot his son in the face, following a night of drinking. Among the chemicals discovered were 0.67 grams of ricin and nicotine mixed with a solvent that allowed it to penetrate the skin and have lethal effects. Authorities also found books relating to the production of chemical and biological agents. Chemicals were also found in a storage shed that Leahy kept in Harvard, Illinois. He reportedly told his sister that he was going to use the poison to coat razor blades and mail them to his enemies in hopes that they would cut themselves and be exposed. Leahy pleaded guilty to possession of the ricin and was sentenced to eight years for the shooting and six-and-one-half years for possessing dangerous materials.[4][6][7][8]

April 1997, James Dalton Bell[edit]

Internal Revenue Service (IRS) investigators searched the home of James Dalton Bell, a 39-year-old electronics engineer, and discovered a cache of chemicals, which included sodium cyanide (500 grams), diisopropyl fluorophosphate, and a range of corrosiveacids. Subsequent analysis of computer files confiscated from the residence revealed that Bell engaged in e-mail communications with a friend, Robert East, a 46-year-old merchant marine radio operator, that expressed a desire to obtain castor beans to see if they could extract ricin. Bell had already acquired the home addresses of nearly 100 federal employees from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), IRS, and Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, and computer files from voter registration. Bell was in the process of producing and acquiring chemical and biological agents.[4][8][9]

March 1998, Michigan, US[edit]

Three members of a splinter group of the North American Militia in Michigan were arrested on weapons and conspiracy charges. The April 1998 indictment was the result of an investigation involving an Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF) agent who infiltrated the group in March 1997. When federal law enforcement raided the homes of these men, they discovered an arsenal of weapons and a videotape. Produced in a cooking-show format, the tape gave instructions on how to manufacture bombs and other assorted militia-type weaponry, including a feature segment on how to extract ricin from castor beans. During the court proceedings, prosecutors drew attention to the ricin segment, stating that the men were "collecting information on the manufacture and use of ricin." However, other than the videotape, no materials associated with ricin production were found in any of the raids.[4][10][11]

November 1999, Tampa, Florida, US[edit]

Press reports indicated that FBI agents had apprehended a man in Tampa, Florida, for threatening to kill court officials and "wage biological warfare" in Jefferson County, Colorado. James Kenneth Gluck, 53, a former Colorado resident, sent a 10-page letter to Jefferson County judges threatening to kill them with a biological agent. He specifically identified one judge by name. FBI agents arrested Gluck on 5 November 1999 as he left a public library near his home in Tampa. Police, fire, and hazardous materials (HazMat) crews responded to the scene along with the FBI and blocked off Gluck's street. Upon searching his residence the next day, agents discovered that Gluck had the necessary ingredients to make ricin, though no refined ricin was actually found. They also found test tubes and beakers, as well as the "anarchist's cookbook" and books on biological toxicology, in a makeshift laboratory in his home.[4]

August 2001, Russia and Chechnya[edit]

The Russian Federal Security Service told the Itar-Tass news service it had intercepted a recorded conversation between two Chechen field commanders in which they discussed using homemade poisons against Russian troops. According to Itar-Tass, Chechen Brigadier General Rizvan Chitigov asked Chechen field commander Hizir Alhazurov, who is now living in the United Arab Emirates, for instructions on the "homemade production of poison" for use against Russian soldiers. Russian authorities reportedly raided Chitigov's home and seized materials, including instructions on how to use toxic agents to contaminate consumer goods, a small chemical laboratory, three homemade explosives, two land mines, and 30 grenades. The confiscated papers reportedly also contained instructions on how to produce ricin from castor beans.[4]

June 2002, Spokane Valley, WA[edit]

Kenneth R. Olsen, 48, was arrested for possession of the biological agent ricin in his Spokane Valley, WA, office cubicle. Co-workers at Agilent, a high-tech company, tipped FBI officials about the software engineer after discovering documents on "how to kill", undetectable poisons, and bomb-making Olsen had printed out from his computer. Olsen insisted that his research was for a Boy Scout project, but did not say more. Further investigation of his office produced test tubes, castor beans, glass jars, and approximately 1 gram of ricin.[4] In July 2003 Olsen was convicted of possessing a chemical weapon and possessing a biological weapon. He was sentenced to 165 months, almost 14 years in prison. [12]

August 2002, Ansar al-Islam[edit]

Reports have emerged that Ansar al-Islam, a Sunni militant group, has been involved in testing poisons and chemicals including ricin. According to one report the group tested ricin powder as an aerosol on animals such as donkeys and chickens and perhaps even an unwitting human subject. No more specific details have been released.[4][13]

January 2003 arrests in Britain[edit]

Main article: Wood Green ricin plot
On 5 January 2003 the Metropolitan Police raided a flat in north London and arrested six Algerian men whom they claimed were manufacturing ricin as part of a plot for a poison attack on the London Underground. No ricin was recovered as a result of this raid. Only one person was convicted (of conspiracy to cause a public nuisance by the use of poisons and/or explosives to cause disruption, fear or injury) and jailed for 17 years. He had previously received a life sentence for stabbing and killing a policeman during the raid.[14]
The U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell used this incident in his 5th February 2003 speech to the UN as part of the case for the 2003 Invasion of Iraq, as the "UK poison cell" part of the alleged Abu Musab al-Zarqawi global terrorist network.[citation needed]

2003 letters in the US[edit]

Main article: 2003 ricin letters
In 2003, a package and letter sealed in a "ricin-contaminated" envelope was intercepted in Greenville, South Carolina, at a United States Postal Service processing center.[15]
Ricin was detected in the mail at the White House in Washington, D.C. in November 2003. The letter containing it was intercepted at a mail handling facility off the grounds of the White House, and it never reached its intended destination. The letter contained a fine powdery substance that later tested positive for ricin. Investigators said it was low potency and was not considered a health risk.[16]This information was not made public for nearly 3 months,[16] when preliminary tests showed the presence of ricin in an office mailroom of U.S. Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist's office. There were no signs that anyone who was near the contaminated area developed any medical problems. Several Senate office buildings were closed as a precaution.

January 2006, Richmond, Virginia, US[edit]

In January 2006, ricin was found in a home in suburban Richmond, Virginia in the form of mashed castor beans. The suspect,Chetanand Sewraz, was allegedly isolating the toxin to kill his estranged wife.[17][18]

February 2008, Las Vegas, Nevada, US[edit]

In February 2008, a man who stayed in a Las Vegas motel room where ricin was found was taken to the hospital in critical condition. The man, Roger Von Bergendorff, was hospitalized on February 14; however, the ricin was not found until February 27 when a relative retrieved his luggage because the motel had not been paid for two weeks. Firearms and an "anarchist type textbook" were found in the same motel room where several vials of ricin were found, police reported. According to Las Vegas 8 Television news, police noted the ricin section of the textbook was highlighted.[19][20] On March 3, FBI agents searched at Riverton, Utah house and several storage lockers in West Jordan, Utah linked to Bergendorff, but did not find any traces of ricin.[21][22] Bergendorff awoke from a coma on March 14. He was questioned by police as to why he had such a large quantity of ricin.[22] Subsequently, he was arrested on April 16 and charged with possession of a biological toxin and two weapons offenses.[23]

January 2009, Seattle, Washington, US[edit]

The managers of eleven gay bars in the Capitol Hill region of Seattle received letters from an anonymous sender claiming to be in possession of 67 grams of ricin that would be used to dose exactly 5 patrons from each establishment with the intent of killing them.[24]
Speculations that the terrorist was possibly a homosexual himself abound,[25] particularly as the letter directly quotes a poem by gay author Mark Doty in a recently published anthology.

June 2009, County Durham, England[edit]

During the raid on the homes of a man and son in June 2009, a very small amount of ricin was allegedly found in a sealed jam jar kept in a kitchen cupboard. A father and son, Ian and Nicky Davison were arrested under the 2000 Terrorism Act. The arrests followed a long-running intelligence-led operation against extreme right-wing activity.[26] Ian Davison was sentenced to ten years in May 2010, for preparing acts of terrorism, three counts of possessing material useful to commit acts of terrorism and possessing a prohibited weapon; his son was given two years youth detention for possessing material useful to commit acts of terrorism.[27]

June 2009, Everett, Washington, US[edit]

On June 4, 2009 local ABC affiliate KOMO 4 News reported that authorities had isolated a suburban home in Everett, WA and part of the surrounding neighborhood after the suspected discovery of ricin in the home. The suspected discovery of ricin occurred after the residents, a husband and wife, returned from the hospital following a domestic disturbance report.[28][29]

January 2011, Akron, Ohio, US[edit]

In January 2011, FBI agents discovered what was thought to be ricin in a Coventry Township, Ohio home, and later reported that tests confirmed its presence.[30][31]

November 2011, Gainesville, Georgia, US[edit]

In 2011, the FBI arrested four men in the U.S. state of Georgia, who were allegedly plotting to deploy explosives and biological weapons to kill a number of American politicians, media figures, Internal Revenue Service employees, and innocent civilians. The four men were Frederick Thomas, 73, Dan Roberts, 67; Ray H Adams, 65; and Samuel J. Crump, 68. Thomas is from Cleveland, Georgia; the other three men are from Toccoa. They were members of a domestic militia group and believed they had to commit murder in order to "save this country". According to The Guardian, Crump had planned to make 10 pounds of ricin and spread it in major cities and along Atlanta, Jacksonville, Newark, Washington D.C., and New Orleans highways and bomb federal buildings in Atlanta.[32] They also discussed dispersing ricin from an airplane in the sky over Washington D.C. and possibly attack other targets with explosives. Adams is a former Agriculture Research Service employee, while Crump used to work at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.[33]
According to court documents, Thomas was inspired by the online pro-militia novel "Absolved" by Mike Vanderboegh, which features small bands of U. S. citizens rising up against the federal government. Vanderboegh denied responsibility for inspiring the attack, saying in a blog post "I am as much to blame for the Georgia Geriatric Terrorist Gang as Tom Clancy is for Nine Eleven."[34] Earlier, Vanderboegh had attracted controversy after urging health care reform opponents to throw bricks through the windows of Democratic Party offices; several such incidents occurred after Vanderboegh made his statement.[33]

April 2013, Washington, DC, US[edit]

Main article: April 2013 ricin letters
On April 16, 2013, an envelope that tested positive for ricin was intercepted at the US Capitol's off-site mail facility in Washington, DC. According to reports, the envelope was addressed to the office of Senator Roger Wicker, R-Mississippi.[35]
The next day, an envelope addressed to President Obama tested positive for ricin.[36] Another letter was sent to a Mississippi judge and is also being tested for ricin.
Both letters included the phrases "to see a wrong and not expose it, is to become a silent partner to its continuance." and "I am KC and I approve this message."[37]
Even if the preliminary tests confirm the powder was ricin and secondary tests confirm it as ricin, more testing will still be done, because investigators and prosecutors will want to be sure it is ricin. Experts will also assess just how much of a risk was present- it is well known that inhalable powders, tablets, or injections are usually more pure and more concentrated, and are more likely to be virulent; and so the powder involved, at least in its current form, may not even be as much of a threat even if it is proved to be ricin. Inhalable agents, on the other hand, such as anthrax spores, are well-known to usually be lethal.[citation needed]

May 2013, Shannon Richardson incident[edit]

In May 2013, while going through a divorce, US actress Shannon Richardson called the police and accused her husband of mailing ricinto several politicians.[38][39]
Nathan Richardson has not been charged with any crime.[38][40][41] He told investigators that his wife set him up.[42] Investigators found that Shannon Richardson indeed mailed the ricin herself, in an effort to set up her estranged husband.[43][44][45]
Shannon Richardson was arrested on June 7, 2013 for alleged connections with ricin laced letters sent to politicians including President Barack Obama and New York City mayor Michael Bloomberg.[46][47] She was charged with ″mailing a threatening letter to President Barack Obama″.[48][49] On June 6, she confessed that she had mailed the three letters, knowing they contained ricin, but claimed her husband made her do it.[49] On December 10, she pled guilty to sending the letters. The plea limits her potential sentence to 18 years.[50]

References[edit]

  1. Jump up^ Schep LJ, Temple WA, Butt GA, Beasley MD (2009). "Ricin as a weapon of mass terror--separating fact from fiction". Environ Int 35 (8): 1267–71. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2009.08.004. PMID 19767104.
  2. Jump up^ Andrew, Christopher M.; Mitrokhin, Vasili (2000). The Sword and the Shield: The Mitrokhin Archive and the Secret History of the KGB.Basic Books. p. 334. ISBN 978-0-465-00312-9. Retrieved November 29, 2012.
  3. Jump up^ Carus, W. Seth (2002). Bioterrorism and Biocrimes: The Illicit Use of Biological Agents Since 1900. Fredonia Books (NL). p. 81. ISBN 978-1-4101-0023-8 (Center for Counterproliferation Research and National Defense University). Retrieved November 29, 2012.
  4. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h CNS WMD Terrorism Research Project (February 29, 2008). "Chronology of Incidents Involving Ricin". James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies (CNS). Monterey Institute of International Studies.[dubious – discuss]
  5. Jump up^ Carus, p. 154
  6. Jump up^ Ostrander, Kathleen (April 29, 1997). "Man Faces Charge o Toxin Possession". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. p. 5.
  7. Jump up^ Murphy, Kevin (May 2, 1997). "Judge Orders Man Held for Toxin". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. p. 5.
  8. ^ Jump up to:a b Lederberg, Joshua (ed.); Cohen, William S. (1999). Biological Weapons: Limiting the Threat. MIT Press. p. 299. ISBN 978-0-262-62128-1. Retrieved November 29, 2012.
  9. Jump up^ Painter, Jr., John (May 20, 1997) "IRS Says Suspect Discussed Sabotage". Oregonian. p. P-1
  10. Jump up^ Carus, p. 161
  11. Jump up^ Singhania, Lisa (June 2, 1998) "Militia member admits his role in bomb plot". (Associated Press), Detroit News.
  12. Jump up^ Bill Morlin, "Ricin maker sentenced", The Spokesman Review, October 29, 2003
  13. Jump up^ Bale, Ph.D., Jeffrey M. ; Bhattacharjee, Anjali; Croddy, Eric; Pilch, MD, Richard (February 29, 2008). "Ricin Found in London: An al-Qa'ida Connection?". cns.miis.edu. Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Chemical and Biological Weapons Nonproliferation Program. Retrieved November 30, 2012.
  14. Jump up^ "Killer jailed over poison plot". BBC. April 13, 2005. Retrieved 2010-12-17.
  15. Jump up^ "Investigation of a Ricin-Containing Envelope at a Postal Facility - South Carolina, 2003". Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.Centers for Disease Control. November 20, 2003.
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  17. Jump up^ "Brandermill Bust". Richmond, VA: WTVR. February 7, 2006. Archived from the original on 2006-03-11.
  18. Jump up^ "Ricin Explained". Richmond, VA: WTVR. February 7, 2006. Archived from the original on 2006-03-11.
  19. Jump up^ "Police: Man in critical condition after exposure to ricin". CNN. February 2, 2008. Retrieved 2010-05-05.
  20. Jump up^ Stryker, Ace (March 3, 2008). "Ex-Neighbors: Sickened Vegas Man a Loner". (Associated Press) FoxNews.com.
  21. Jump up^ Rizzo, Russ; Gonzalez, Nathan C. (March 2, 2008). "Riverton residents return to homes, but search for deadly toxin continues". Salt Lake Tribune. Archived from the original on 2006-10-11.
  22. ^ Jump up to:a b "Man Wakes From Ricin Coma". Las Vegas: KVVU. Archived from the original on 2008-04-07.
  23. Jump up^ "Man at center of Las Vegas ricin case arrested, charged". news.yahoo.com. April 16, 2008.
  24. Jump up^ "RICIN: Seattle Gay Bars Receive Threatening Letters". thestranger.com. January 6, 2009.
  25. Jump up^ "Seattle ricin threats may have been sent by gay person". Queerty.com. January 8, 2009.
  26. Jump up^ "Pair questioned over ricin find". BBC. June 6, 2009.
  27. Jump up^ Wainwright, Martin (May 14, 2010). "Neo-Nazi Ian Davison jailed for 10 years for making chemical weapon". The Guardian. Retrieved 2010-08-17.
  28. Jump up^ "Feds testing Ricin-like substance found in home". KOMO (Everett, WA). June 5, 2009.
  29. Jump up^ Oppmann, Patrick (June 5, 2009). "Domestic dispute leads to ricin investigation". CNN.
  30. Jump up^ Steer, Jen (January 28, 2011). "FBI says tests confirm ricin found in Coventry Township house – Man arrested after ricin found in house". newsnet5.com.
  31. Jump up^ "Man arrested after ricin found in house". Crime & Courts MSNBC. January 28, 2010. Archived from the original on 2011-01-31. Retrieved 2011-01-28.
  32. Jump up^ "Georgia men arrested over alleged US ricin plot".
  33. ^ Jump up to:a b "Feds Arrest 4 in Alleged Ga. Ricin Attack Plot".
  34. Jump up^ "Alleged Plot to Attack U.S. Officials Was Inspired by Online Anti-Government Novel, Authorities Say".
  35. Jump up^ "Envelope tests positive for ricin at Washington mail facility". CNN. April 16, 2013.
  36. Jump up^ Blog Post (October 24, 2012). "Letter sent to Obama tests positive for ricin, officials say - U.S. News". Usnews.nbcnews.com. Retrieved 2013-04-17.
  37. Jump up^ "‘I am KC’: Same message on ricin-positive letters sent to Obama, senator", NBC News, 4/17/2013
  38. ^ Jump up to:a b "Texas man held by FBI in Obama threat, Bloomberg ricin letter cases revealed". NY Daily News. May 31, 2013. Retrieved June 7, 2013.
  39. Jump up^ Fernandez, Manny (May 31, 2013). "Inquiry Into Obama and Bloomberg Ricin Letters Leads to Search of a Texas House". The New York Times.
  40. Jump up^ Memmott, Mark. "Reports: Husband Cleared, Wife Arrested In Latest Ricin Case : The Two-Way". NPR. Retrieved June 7, 2013.
  41. Jump up^ Mark Hosenball (May 31, 2013). "Texas man investigated over ricin letters to Obama - Chicago Tribune". Articles.chicagotribune.com. Retrieved June 7, 2013.
  42. Jump up^ "Texas couple blames each other for ricin-laced letters". CBS News. May 31, 2013. Retrieved June 7, 2013.
  43. Jump up^ "Texas woman arrested in ricin letters to Obama, Bloomberg: Officials - U.S. News". Usnews.nbcnews.com. October 24, 2012. Retrieved June 7, 2013.
  44. Jump up^ Deutsch, Kevin (2013-06-07). "Feds: Actress arrested in ricin case". Newsday.
  45. Jump up^ "Texas woman who told FBI her husband sent ricin-tainted letters is arrested". Fox News. June 7, 2013. Retrieved June 7, 2013.
  46. Jump up^ "Actress arrested for ricin-laced letters sent to President". USA Today. June 7, 2013. Retrieved June 7, 2013.
  47. Jump up^ Mattingly, Phil (May 6, 2013). "Woman Said to Be Arrested for Obama, Bloomberg Ricin Letters". Bloomberg. Retrieved June 7, 2013.
  48. Jump up^ "Actress Arrested". Talking Points Memo. 2013.
  49. ^ Jump up to:a b Goldstein, Joseph (2013). "Woman From Texas Is Charged in Ricin Case". The New York Times.
  50. Jump up^ "Texas woman admits to sending ricin-laced letters to Obama, Bloomberg". Foxnews.com. Associated Press. December 10, 2013.

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